A loyal companion deserves the same respect in their diet as in their training. While dogs have adapted to modern life, their bodies remain guided by their ancestry. Knowing what to avoid is part of your role as their protector.

Some foods that seem harmless in a human kitchen can be seriously toxic to dogs. These are the main ones to keep off the menu:

❌ CHOCOLATE ❌
Contains theobromine and caffeine, both toxic to dogs. Dark and baking chocolates are most dangerous.

❌ ONIONS, GARLIC, LEEKS, AND CHIVES ❌
Common in stews and leftovers. Even small amounts can damage red blood cells and cause anemia.

❌ GRAPES AND RAISINS ❌
Found in muesli bars, fruit cakes, and snacks. Can trigger sudden kidney failure.

❌ XYLITOL (ARTIFICIAL SWEETENER) ❌
Found in sugar-free gum, peanut butter, and protein bars. Causes hypoglycemia and liver failure.

❌ AVOCADO ❌
Contains persin, which can upset a dog's stomach.

❌ COOKED BONES ❌
Splinter easily and can cause internal injury. Always offer raw, meaty bones only, under supervision.

❌ ALCOHOL ❌
Even small doses can cause disorientation or worse.

❌ MACADAMIA NUTS ❌
Toxic and can cause tremors or overheating.

❌ CAFFEINE AND ENERGY DRINKS ❌
Overstimulate the heart and nervous system.

❌ DAIRY PRODUCTS ❌
Many dogs are lactose intolerant, causing bloating and diarrhoea.

NEW ZEALAND-SPECIFIC RISKS

A few familiar local foods and plants can also pose hidden dangers:

❌ FEIJOA SKINS ❌
Contain compounds that can upset a dog's stomach. Scoop the flesh only.

❌ KAWAKAWA AND TUTU BERRIES ❌
Native plants that can be toxic in larger amounts.

❌ COMPOST AND RUBBISH BINS ❌
Mould growth produces toxins dangerous to dogs.

❌ COOKED SHEEP BONES OR SMALL GAME REMAINS ❌
Can splinter and cause serious injury if scavenged on walks or farms.

❌ PROCESSED AND ARTIFICIAL INGREDIENTS ❌

Not all commercial dog foods are built with a dog's wellbeing in mind. Watch for:

❌ ARTIFICIAL COLOURS AND PRESERVATIVES like BHA, BHT, and ethoxyquin.

❌ EXCESS FILLERS such as corn, wheat, and soy.

❌ UNSPECIFIED MEAT MEALS OR BY-PRODUCTS If the source isn't listed, skip it.

Choose clean, whole ingredients: real protein, good fats, and digestible carbohydrates. The more natural the food, the stronger the mind, body, and bond.

LEAD WITH KNOWLEDGE

Leadership is about more than commands. It is about stewardship. Every choice you make for your dog reflects your respect for their trust. Feed clean. Stay informed. Protect their health.

Calm Leadership Programme

This article is part of the Calm Leadership Programme, a framework for raising and training dogs through thoughtful exposure, emotional regulation, and clear human leadership. Calm behaviour and wellbeing are built through knowledge, balance, and responsible stewardship.

How to read this article
This post guides you in understanding what foods are harmful to dogs and why. It is written through the lens of responsible caregiving — emphasising knowledge and boundaries as part of calm, safe leadership.

REFERENCES & FURTHER READING

1. ASPCA’s list of toxic foods for dogs.
2. Veterinary nutrition texts explaining digestive physiology and common food hazards.
3. Canine health extension materials on diet and safety.